As I have said many times the photograph is light and the mechanical part that controls how much light to pass through the lens and aperture.
How it works and how to be considered while taking pictures?
The lens aperture works in works like the apple in our eye, if there is little light enlarges to spend as much as possible while it is abundant if it narrows to spend less. The camera sensor is like the retina, to work well to get the right amount of light, if they get the little sensor will need to raise the shutter speed or sensitivity to record the information if they get a lot of hand use short time and low sensitivity.
How to Read the diaphragm?
:-) We think the contrary, in practice the number f refers to aperture and is wrote on the objectives or you can read the monitors, cameras, the smaller the number, and more light passes and hand As the number increases the amount of light decreases.
Let's take a practical example, let's say we have a zoom with the following values \u200b\u200bindicated on the front: 12-60mm f 2.8-4.
How to read this data?
12-60mm focal length indicates the minimum and maximum objective then start from 12mm to 60mm to get through all the intermediate values \u200b\u200b(equivalent to a 12mm wide angle for landscapes and is equivalent to a 60mm medium telephoto to bring the subject).
Now is the value f 2.8-4 and that's what the brightness of the lens itself understood as the maximum aperture at both ends of the zoom.
Difficult?
No, I just want to say that our goal will have a maximum aperture of 12mm and 60mm f2.8 to f4 will have it!
Now we need to understand if these values \u200b\u200bare good or not, and must make distinctions between the different areas of the lenses are dedicated.
If we had a constant value of f2, for example, if our first was a zoom of 12-60 f2 would mean that for all the length of the zoom, from start to finish, we would have a maximum brightness of 2, great! In other words, a lens would be very large, very heavy and very expensive and mainly dedicated to research works and professional photos of us Campania.
A lens with f 2.8-4 like ours instead of a lens is always demanding for professionals or amateurs that offers excellent brightness containing weights, dimensions, and above all costs.
If we were a lens would be f 3.5-6 perspective of those who give in to the camera kit, enough to start but with great limitations in terms of performance and usability.
I made these rapid distinction to understand that not all lenses are equal and that the costs are directly proportional to the quality of the lens itself, save only by taking optical photograph used on the new opportunities do not exist, if you want quality you must be willing to pay!
I spoke of the diaphragm and the diaphragm of the brightness but also serves to another, such is the factor that determines the blur in the photos. You know those portraits where the face is beautiful in focus while the background is indistinguishable? Here, to get that we must arm themselves with a lens with f value is very small and therefore very light. Unfortunately in the fuzzy factors come into play to the size of sensor, to make it simple without going into technicalities too boring enough to know that the smaller sensor and less blurring can be obtained. From this you will understand that a compact can not do for physical reasons with fuzzy photos amazing, I say this before that be disappointed because maybe you have a grip on the lens that shows a very small f-number.
If you have a camera my advice is to work, using the program A, which stands for automatic, but for aperture priority, how it works? Simple, you framed, highlight the value of the diaphragm, for example, will be small if you want to do a portrait with blurred or higher if you want to do a landscape and then the car decides when Shooting leaving them free to focus on creativity.
This is roughly the diaphragm, we will come back on because it is often important and can make the difference between a photo-effect and one who does not say anything.
Here are two pictures worth a thousand words, in the first f the value is great and you see that is also focused on the background:
in the following value f is small and you see how the subject is well separated from the background:
PS: a trick to get a similar effect with the compact is to select the scene devoted to the macro and put a background slightly away from the subject, not will be a photo as the one made with a camera but will re-create the effect.
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